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Appl Clin Inform 2025; 16(03): 516-525
DOI: 10.1055/a-2535-5823
Case Report

Sharing a Hybrid Electronic Health Record + Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources Clinical Decision Support across Health Systems: Automating Smoking Cessation for Pediatric Caregivers

Sameh N. Saleh
1   Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
2   Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
3   Department of Health Informatics, Inova Health System, Fairfax, Virginia, United States
,
Eric Kim
4   Center for Clinical Informatics Research and Education, The MetroHealth System, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
,
Jeritt G. Thayer
1   Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
2   Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
,
Emara Nabi-Burza
5   Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
,
Dean J. Karavite
1   Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
,
Jonathan P. Winickoff
5   Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
,
Alexander G. Fiks
1   Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
2   Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
,
Brian P. Jenssen
1   Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
2   Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
,
Nicholas Riley
4   Center for Clinical Informatics Research and Education, The MetroHealth System, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
,
Robert W. Grundmeier
1   Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
2   Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
› Author Affiliations
Funding This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health grant R01CA245145 through the National Cancer Institute.
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Abstract

Objective

Experiences sharing complex workflow-integrated clinical decision support (CDS) across health systems are sparse and not well reported. This case study presents the sharing of a hybrid electronic health record (EHR)-native and SMART-compatible CDS tool for automating provision of smoking cessation treatment for caregivers during pediatric visits.

Methods

We conducted a comprehensive needs assessment using sociotechnical frameworks to identify workflow gaps and technical requirements. A multidisciplinary team of clinical informaticians, software developers, and EHR analysts guided the technology transfer. Iterative testing and feedback informed modifications. The evaluation tracked questionnaire uptake, tobacco use identification rates, and treatment acceptance metrics.

Results

The needs assessment revealed critical artifacts such as data architecture, source code repositories, and regulatory requirements, which informed adaptations for the recipient health system. In the preimplementation phase, JXPORT was identified for transferring EHR-native components and the EHR's Active Guidelines Framework was needed to extend the Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources standard with ordering, posting flowsheet values, and launching activities in the embedded web application. The implementation process resulted in key modifications including same-day nicotine replacement therapy delivery through internal pharmacy services and optimized questionnaire design to improve usability. At the source system, 5.8% (n = 3,391) of caregivers reported active tobacco use with 46.9% (n = 1,590) accepting cessation resources. At the recipient system, 24.3% (n = 167) of caregivers listed tobacco use and 28.1% (n = 47) accepted treatment.

Conclusion

The cross-system sharing of eCEASE serves as a nascent model for disseminating complex CDS tools and highlighted opportunities for improvement. Future work should focus on creating validated dissemination frameworks and improving use of standards for EHR integration.

Keywords

EHR-native - FHIR - clinical decision support - smoking cessation - pediatric visits - dissemination - interoperability - technology transfer

Note

Data presented in screenshots are fake and intended only for presentation of the workflow.


Authors' Contributions

S.N.S. conceptualized the study, performed software development, performed formal analysis, performed investigation, performed project management, and wrote the original draft of the manuscript. E.K. and N.R. conceptualized the study, performed software development, performed formal analysis, performed investigation, curated data, performed project management, performed visualization, and critically reviewed the manuscript. E.N.B. and D.J.K. performed validation and critically reviewed the manuscript. J.G.T. performed software development, performed formal analysis, curate data, and critically reviewed the manuscript. J.P.W., A.G.F., and B.P.J. provided oversight and leadership, performed project administration, and critically reviewed the manuscript. R.W.G. conceptualized the study, performed investigation, provided oversight and leadership, performed project management, and critically reviewed the manuscript.


Protection of Human and Animal Subjects

The study was performed in compliance with the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki on Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects and was reviewed by the CHOP Institutional Review Board.


Supplementary Material



Publication History

Received: 02 September 2024

Accepted: 07 February 2025

Accepted Manuscript online:
11 February 2025

Article published online:
11 June 2025

© 2025. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Oswald-Hesse-Straße 50, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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